Thursday, January 27, 2022

Thursday, January 27, 2022 — DT 29812


Puzzle at a Glance
Puzzle number in The Daily Telegraph
DT 29812
Publication date in The Daily Telegraph
Thursday, October 21, 2021
Setter
Giovanni (Don Manley)
Link to full review
Big Dave's Crossword Blog [DT 29812]
Big Dave's Crossword Blog review written by
Miffypops
BD rating
Difficulty* - ★★★Enjoyment* - ★★★
Falcon's experience
┌────┬────┬────┬────┬────┬────┬────┐
███████████████████████████████████
└────┴────┴────┴────┴────┴────┴────┘
Legend:
- solved without assistance
- incorrect prior to use of puzzle solving tools
- solved with assistance from puzzle solving tools
- solved with aid of checking letters provided by puzzle solving tools
- solved but without fully parsing the clue
- unsolved or incorrect prior to visiting Big Dave's Crossword Blog
- solved with aid of checking letters provided by solutions from Big Dave's Crossword Blog
- reviewed by Falcon for Big Dave's Crossword Blog
- yet to be solved
Notes
* The BD Rating may be meaningless as Miffypops has frequently stated that he never changes it from its default value (***/***). In cases where the BD Rating on his reviews has been changed from the default value, it has been done by someone else such as Big Dave or crypticsue.

Introduction

There's a diverse mix of clues in this puzzle from Giovanni and I added a couple of new words to my memory bank. Unfortunately, my memory bank is a bit like my physical filing system—the fact that an item has been filed does not necessarily mean that it can readily be retrieved!

I invite you to leave a comment to let us know how you fared with the puzzle.

Notes on Today's Puzzle

This commentary is intended to serve as a supplement to the review of this puzzle found at Big Dave's Crossword Blog, to which a link is provided in the table above.

Markup Conventions
  • "//" - marks the boundary between wordplay and definition when no link word or link phrase is present
  • "/[link word or phrase]/" - marks the boundary between wordplay and definition when a link word or link phrase is present
  • "solid underline" - precise definition
  • "dotted underline" - cryptic definition
  • "dashed underline" - wordplay
  • "wavy underline" - whimsical and inferred definitions
Click here for further explanation and usage examples of markup conventions used on this blog.

Across

1a Act gloomily, troubled /by/ this study of global warming etc? (11)

9a Manage // to come through cardiac operation (4)

10a In favour of attacking /and/ advancing (11)

What did he say?
In his review on Big Dave's Crossword Blog, Miffypops refers to the the beginning of the solution as a thee-letter proposition ....
This would appear to be a conflation of 'pro' and 'preposition'—or, perhaps, merely a simple typo.

11a The music coming from / birds? / The opposite! (4)

The phrase "the opposite" is an inverted logic indicator which tells the solver to invert (or reverse) the logic or meaning of the statement immediately preceding it. Doing so leads one to reinterpret the wordplay as "Birds coming from the music".

This clue construction effectively places the definition in the middle of the wordplay. While this is a rarely seen phenomenon, we did see another example as recently as yesterday—albeit in a clue employing a different cryptic device.



The emu[5] is a large flightless fast-running Australian bird resembling the ostrich, with shaggy gray or brown plumage, bare blue skin on the head and neck, and three-toed feet.

14a Form of rap embraced by this unconventional // musician (7)

16a Strain to bite around // hard bit of food (4,3)

A pine nut[5] is the edible seed of various pine trees.

17a Girls with a misplaced /and/ greedy king (5)

In Greek mythology, Midas[5] was a king of Phrygia, who, according to one story, was given by Dionysus the power of turning everything he touched into gold.

The Story Behind the Picture
According to mythology, the god Dionysus granted Midas his wish that whatever he might touch should be changed into gold ("the golden touch"[7]). One of his first acts was to turn all the roses in his garden to gold. However, when he sat down to a meal, all his food and drink turned to gold and he realized that the "gift" he had been granted was in reality a curse. When his daughter came to him distraught that the roses had lost their fragrance, he reached out to console her and she turned into a golden statue.

18a Relax /and/ laugh out loud by lake (4)

LOL[5] (or lol) is an abbreviation of laughing out loud or laugh out loud and is used [principally on social media] to draw attention to a joke or amusing statement, or to express amusement.

19a Lass having left // -- a source of irritation (4)

20a High-ranking woman // to ask for alms with hesitation (5)

Begum[5] is an Indian term for:
  • a Muslim woman of high rank
  • the title of a married Muslim woman, equivalent to Mrs.

22a Like some rocks // beast knocked over by river (7)

23a Cease to be involved with // one section of newspaper? (4-3)

A pull-out[5] is a section of a magazine, newspaper, or other publication that is designed to be detached and kept.

24a One makes a noise // disappearing -- one unseen (4)

28a Is Ruth's son one sunk in depression, // being like Adam? (11)

In the Bible, Obed[7] was a son of Boaz and Ruth, the father of Jesse, and the grandfather of David. He is named as one of Jesus' ancestors in the genealogies recorded in the Gospel of Matthew and the Gospel of Luke.



In the book of Genesis in the Bible, God commands Adam[7] not to eat of the tree of the knowledge of good and evil. However, Eve convinces Adam to disobey the order and they are punished by God for their disobedience.

29a Resentful // soldiers stuck in home counties (4)

"soldiers " = OR [other ranks]

In the British armed forces, the term other ranks[5] (abbreviation OR[5]) refers to all those who are not commissioned officers.

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"home counties " = SE

The Home Counties[5] are the counties surrounding London in the south-east (SE) part of England, into which London has extended. They comprise chiefly Essex, Kent, Surrey, and Hertfordshire.

No exact definition of the term exists and the composition of the Home Counties remains a matter of debate. While Oxford Dictionaries restrictively lists them as being chiefly Essex, Kent, Surrey, and Hertfordshire, Wikipedia tells us that the Home Counties[7] are generally considered to include Berkshire, Buckinghamshire, Essex, Hertfordshire, Kent, Surrey and Sussex (although Sussex does not border London).

Other counties more distant from London, such as Bedfordshire, Cambridgeshire, Dorset, Hampshire and Oxfordshire are also sometimes included in the list due to their close proximity to the capital and their connection to the London regional economy.

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30a Abused tradesmen to // walk out in protest? (11)

Down

2d Transport vehicle with central bit set aside /for/ bird (4)

Lorry[5] is the common name in the UK for the vehicle known in North America as a truck[5]; nevertheless, the word truck also seems to be used in the UK*.

* in fact, Lexico (Oxford Dictionaries) defines lorry[5] as a truck and truck[5] as a lorry



The lory[5] is a small Australasian and southeast Asian parrot with a brush-tipped tongue for feeding on nectar and pollen, having mainly green plumage with patches of bright colour.

3d Be apathetic /as/ doctor needing exercise (4)

"doctor " = MO [medical officer]

A medical officer[5] (abbreviation MO[5]) is a doctor in charge of the health services of a civilian or military authority or other organization.

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"exercise " = PE [physical education]

PE[5] is an abbreviation* for physical education.

* In my experience, phys ed[3][11][12][14] is the more common shortened form in North America.

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4dOld city is gone round by Thomas --  contributing to this? (7)

The entire clue is a cryptic definition in which the wordplay is embedded.

"old city " = UR

Ur[5] is an ancient Sumerian city formerly on the Euphrates, in southern Iraq. It was one of the oldest cities of Mesopotamia, dating from the 4th millennium BC, and reached its zenith in the late 3rd millennium BC. Ur[7] is considered by many to be the city of Ur Kasdim mentioned in the Book of Genesis as the birthplace of the Hebrew patriarch Abraham.

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5d Some ore? // A good deal, by the sound of it (4)

6d Book // group (7)

Genesis[5] is the first book of the Bible, which includes the stories of the creation of the world, Noah’s Ark, the Tower of Babel, and the patriarchs Abraham, Isaac, Jacob, and Joseph.



Genesis[7] are an English rock band formed in 1967 that has undergone many changes in both membership and musical style over the course of its existence. (show more )

The most commercially successful and longest-lasting line-up consisted of keyboardist Tony Banks, bassist/guitarist Mike Rutherford and drummer/singer Phil Collins. Former members include original lead singer Peter Gabriel and guitarists Anthony Phillips and Steve Hackett. The band underwent many changes in musical style over its career, from folk music to progressive rock in the 1970s, before moving towards pop at the end of the decade.

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7d 'Let's hear it for the ordinary potato' -- // one expressing opinion (11)

8d New list with variety /and/ flexibility (11)

12d Classical scholar, // I go up into hilltops distractedly (11)

A philologist is an expert in or student of philology[5], the branch of knowledge that deals with the structure, historical development, and relationships of a language or languages.

13d Initial // pain merrily dealt with (11)

15d River // bank with black content (5)

"black " = B [grade of pencil lead]

B[5] is an abbreviation for black, as used in describing grades of pencil lead 2B pencils.

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The Tiber[5] is a river of central Italy, upon which Rome stands. It rises in the Tuscan Apennines and flows 405 km (252 miles) generally southwestwards, entering the Tyrrhenian Sea at Ostia.

16d Meet one's obligations /and/, by implication, yap (3,2)

This clue contains what I like to think of as "inverse* wordplay"—to be precise, an "inverse reversal". The solution "PAY UP" could be a reversal (up in a down clue) of PAY which would be "yap" which appears in the clue itself. The phrase "by implication" is the indicator for the inverse wordplay.

In a normal clue, wordplay in the clue generates a result that appears in the solution. In the case of inverse wordplay, all or part of the solution can be interpreted as wordplay which would generate a result that is found in the clue itself.

* This type of cryptic device is more often referred to as "reverse wordplay". Perhaps due to my background in mathematics and engineering, I prefer to think of it as "inverse wordplay" as the concept parallels that of inverse functions in mathematics. In this case, labelling the device as an "inverse reversal" also allows one to avoid the inelegant label "reverse reversal".

20d Queue at the pub? // Musician will be familiar with it (3,4)

In music notation, a bar line[5] is a vertical line used in a musical score to mark a division between bars [measures].

Here and There
A bar[7] (or measure) is a segment of time defined by a given number of beats, each of which are assigned a particular note value. The word bar is more common in British English, and the word measure is more common in American English, although musicians generally understand both usages.

Originally, the word bar derives from the vertical lines drawn through the staff (or stave) to mark off metrical units. In British English, the vertical line is also known as a bar, but often the term bar line is used in order to avoid confusion between the two meanings of bar. In American English, the word bar stands for the lines and nothing else.

* In standard Western musical notation[7], the staff[7], or stave, is a set of five horizontal lines and four spaces that each represent a different musical pitch—or, in the case of a percussion staff, different percussion instruments—on which a musical score is written.

For British musicians, stave[4,5,10,14] would seem to be the name of choice whereas in North America, staff[1,2,3,11,12] is likely the more commonly used term. (show more )

Among British dictionaries, both Lexico (Oxford Dictionaries)[5] and Collins English Dictionary[4,10,14] characterize stave as a British term, while The Chambers Dictionary[1] and Chambers 21st Century Dictionary[2] do not. American dictionaries[3,11,12], on the other hand, do not seem to consider stave to be a British term. Furthermore, most dictionaries show stave[1,2,3,4,10,11,12] as an alternative term for staff[1,2,3,4,10,11]. Lexico, on the other hand, takes a contrarian view, listing staff[5] as an alternative term for stave[5].

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21d Actors /given/ holiday seasons with new introduction (7)

Here and There
The British use the word holiday(s) for what North Americans (especially our neighbours south of the border) would call vacation[5]. (read more )

Holiday[5,10] (often holidays) is a chiefly British term for a period in which a break is taken from work or studies for rest, travel, or recreation ⇒ (i) I spent my summer holidays on a farm; (ii) Fred was on holiday in Spain.

According to British dictionaries, the usual US and Canadian term for such a break is vacation. However, I am accustomed to hearing the two terms used almost interchangeably in this sense—in much the same manner that I would use fall and autumn interchangeably. This may not be the case in all parts of Canada, but I grew up in the Maritimes and have lived in Eastern Ontario for most of my life, both areas where British traditions are particularly strong.

In Britain, the word vacation[5] has a very specific meaning, a fixed holiday period between terms in universities and law courts ⇒ the Easter vacation. In North America, such a period might be called a break[7].

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In the British sense of the word, the traditional "holiday season" (or, as we might say, "vacation period") is summer.



A mummer[5] is an actor in a traditional masked mime or a mummers' play.

25d Crazy // Conservative entertained by gents? (4)

"Conservative " = C [member of British political party]

The abbreviation for Conservative may be either C.[10] or Con.[10].

The Conservative Party[5] is a major right of centre British political party promoting free enterprise and private ownership that emerged from the old Tory Party* under Sir Robert Peel in the 1830s and 1840s.

* Historically, a Tory[10] was a member of the English political party that opposed the exclusion of James, Duke of York from the royal succession (1679–80). Tory remained the label for subsequent major conservative interests until they gave birth to the Conservative Party in the 1830s.

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The gents[5] is a British term for a men's public toilet.

Loo[5] is an informal British term for a toilet [either as a room or a plumbing fixture].

What did he say?
In his review on Big Dave's Crossword Blog, Miffypops describes the synonym for gents as A regular term for the smallest room.
The Brits appear to have nearly as many words for 'toilet' as the Inuit have for 'snow' with the smallest room[10] being yet another one.

26d Alternative to road on the rise? // One's given false account (4)

27d Insect // occupying dung naturally (4)



Key to Reference Sources: 

  [1]   - The Chambers Dictionary, 11th Edition
  [2]   - Search Chambers - (Chambers 21st Century Dictionary)
  [3]   - TheFreeDictionary.com (American Heritage Dictionary)
  [4]   - TheFreeDictionarycom (Collins English Dictionary)
  [5]   - Lexico (formerly Oxford Dictionaries Online) (Oxford Dictionary of English)
  [6]   - Lexico (formerly Oxford Dictionaries Online) (Oxford Advanced American Dictionary)
  [7]   - Wikipedia
  [8]   - Reverso Online Dictionary (Collins French-English Dictionary)
  [9]   - Infoplease (Random House Unabridged Dictionary)
[10]   - CollinsDictionary.com (Collins English Dictionary)
[11]   - TheFreeDictionary.com (Random House Kernerman Webster's College Dictionary)
[12]   - CollinsDictionary.com (Webster’s New World College Dictionary)
[13]   - MacmillanDictionary.com (Macmillan Dictionary)
[14]   - CollinsDictionary.com (COBUILD Advanced English Dictionary)
[15]   - CollinsDictionary.com (Penguin Random House LLC/HarperCollins Publishers Ltd )



Signing off for today — Falcon

Wednesday, January 26, 2022

Wednesday, January 26, 2022 — DT 29811


Puzzle at a Glance
Puzzle number in The Daily Telegraph
DT 29811
Publication date in The Daily Telegraph
Wednesday, October 20, 2021
Setter
Jay (Jeremy Mutch)
Link to full review
Big Dave's Crossword Blog [DT 29811]
Big Dave's Crossword Blog review written by
2Kiwis
BD rating
Difficulty - ★★★Enjoyment - ★★★★
Falcon's experience
┌────┬────┬────┬────┬────┬────┬────┐
███████████████████████████████████
└────┴────┴────┴────┴────┴────┴────┘
Legend:
- solved without assistance
- incorrect prior to use of puzzle solving tools
- solved with assistance from puzzle solving tools
- solved with aid of checking letters provided by puzzle solving tools
- solved but without fully parsing the clue
- unsolved or incorrect prior to visiting Big Dave's Crossword Blog
- solved with aid of checking letters provided by solutions from Big Dave's Crossword Blog
- reviewed by Falcon for Big Dave's Crossword Blog
- yet to be solved

Introduction

I would agree with the 2Kiwis that Jay demands a bit more effort than usual today.

I invite you to leave a comment to let us know how you fared with the puzzle.

Notes on Today's Puzzle

This commentary is intended to serve as a supplement to the review of this puzzle found at Big Dave's Crossword Blog, to which a link is provided in the table above.

Markup Conventions
  • "//" - marks the boundary between wordplay and definition when no link word or link phrase is present
  • "/[link word or phrase]/" - marks the boundary between wordplay and definition when a link word or link phrase is present
  • "solid underline" - precise definition
  • "dotted underline" - cryptic definition
  • "dashed underline" - wordplay
  • "wavy underline" - whimsical and inferred definitions
Click here for further explanation and usage examples of markup conventions used on this blog.

Across

1a Talk about right before consumer /finds/ jumper (11)

9a Hit back /at/ volunteers employed by online seller making a comeback (9)

"volunteers " = TA [Territorial Army, former name for the Army Reserve]

In the UK, Territorial Army[5] (abbreviation TA[5]) was, at one time, the name of a volunteer force founded in 1908 to provide a reserve of trained and disciplined military personnel for use in an emergency. Since 2013, this organization has been called the Army Reserve.

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An e-tailer[5] (trademark in the US) is a retailer selling goods via electronic transactions on the Internet.

10a Pointed remarks /from/ lawyers with briefs lacking content (5)

Scratching the Surface
In British legal practice, a brief[5] is a summary of the facts and legal points in a case prepared by a solicitor and given to a barrister to argue in court.

Barristers and solicitors[7] are two classes of lawyer. However, the distinction between them varies from jurisdiction to jurisdiction around the world.

The UK has a split legal profession in which barristers and solicitors have separate and distinct roles. Solicitors are attorneys which means they can act in the place of their client for legal purposes. However, a solicitor is not a member of the bar and therefore cannot speak on behalf of a client in court [with the possible exception of certain lower courts]. A barrister is not an attorney and is usually forbidden, either by law or professional rules or both, from "conducting" litigation. This means that while the barrister speaks on the client's behalf in court, he or she can do so only when instructed by a solicitor or certain other qualified professional clients, such as patent agents. (read more )

However, the foregoing would appear not to be strictly true. Collins English Dictionary defines a solicitor[10], in Britain, as a lawyer who advises clients on matters of law, draws up legal documents, prepares cases for barristers, etc, and who may represent clients in certain courts and a barrister[10] (also called barrister-at-law), in England [not Britain], as a lawyer who has been called to the bar and is qualified to plead in the higher courts.

In the US and Canada (with the exception of Quebec), there is generally no legal or regulatory distinction between a barrister and a solicitor - with any qualified lawyer being entitled to practice in either field. In the US, most lawyers call themselves attorneys while in Canada, lawyers will adopt different titles depending on the type of legal practice on which they choose to concentrate (barrister, solicitor, or barrister and solicitor).

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11a Thrill /of/ quote by former partner (6)

12a Cue /from/ soldiers and bodyguard (8)

"soldiers " = RE [Royal Engineers]

The Corps of Royal Engineers[7], usually just called the Royal Engineers (abbreviation RE), and commonly known as the Sappers[7], is a corps of the British Army that provides military engineering and other technical support to the British Armed Forces.

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Minder[5] is a mainly British term meaning:
  • a person whose job it is to look after someone or something ‘their baby-minder is getting married
  • (informal) a bodyguard employed to protect a celebrity or criminal he was accompanied by his personal minder
13a Prone // to drink plonk, taking cap off (6)

"to drink " = SUP

As a verb, sup[5] is a dated or Northern English term meaning to take (drink or liquid food) by sips or spoonfuls ⇒ (i) she supped up her soup delightedly; (ii) he was supping straight from the bottle.

As a noun, sup[5] means
  • a sip of liquid ⇒ he took another sup of wine
  • (in Northern England or Ireland) an alcoholic drink ⇒ the latest sup from those blokes at the brewery
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Plonk[5] is an informal British term for cheap wine of inferior quality we turned up at 8 p.m., each clutching a bottle of plonk.

Origin: 1930s (originally Australian) probably an alteration of 'blanc' in French vin blanc ‘white wine’

Synonym or Antonym?
This clue generated quite a bit of discussion on Big Dave's Crossword Blog.

The Chambers Dictionary (the "Bible" for The Daily Telegraph puzzles) provides the following definitions:
  • prone adjective with the face, ventral surface or palm of the hand downward; prostrate; directed downward; (loosely) lying or laid flat; descending steeply; disposed, inclined, naturally tending; willing; ready, eager (Shakespeare); ...
  • supine adjective lying on the back; leaning backward, inclined, sloping; negligently inert, indolent, passive
It would seem that prone and supine are antonyms in multiple senses.

However, the Chambers Thesaurus provides the following listings:
  • prone face down, prostrate, flat, horizontal, full-length, stretched; formal recumbent, procumbent; antonym upright, supine
  • supine prostrate, flat, horizontal; formal recumbent; antonym upright
So, prone and supine are both synonyms of prostrate, flat, horizontal and recumbent and both are antonyms of upright. Does that make them synonym of each other?

On the other hand, prone is specifically shown to be an antonym of supine.

I suppose there are many words that could be made out to be synonyms by focusing solely on the attributes and characteristics they have in common and ignoring those they don't share.

15a Vessel // preferably parked outside church (8)

"church " = CH

The abbreviation ch.[1,4,5,10,15] (or variants Ch.[1,3,11,15], ch[2] or Ch[12]) stands for church.

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18a Light transport /such as/ tank, for example (8)

A landship[1] is a land vehicle having certain properties of a ship*, e.g. a tank.

* it is perhaps telling that the vehicle was originally conceived by the Royal Navy

Delving Deeper
The Landship Committee[7] was a small British committee formed during the First World War to develop armoured fighting vehicles for use on the Western Front. The eventual outcome was the creation of what is now called the tank. Established in February 1915 by First Lord of the Admiralty Winston Churchill, the Committee was composed mainly of naval officers, politicians and engineers. It was chaired by Eustace Tennyson d’Eyncourt, Director of Naval Construction at the Admiralty. For secrecy, by December 1915 the name was changed to "the D.N.C.'s Committee" to disguise its purpose*.

* Seemingly, the committee was concerned about keeping its activities secret not only from the Germans but from other other UK government departments and branches of the British military. "The committee's activities were concealed from Kitchener [Secretary of State for War, Herbert Kitchener (an army officer)] at the War Office, the Board of the Admiralty, and the Treasury, all of whom were expected to block the project."

In July 1915, the Committee's existence came to the attention of the War Office. This led to its operations being taken over by the Army and a number of its members transferring from the Navy. From December 1915 the word "tank"* was adopted as a codename for the vehicles in development, and the Landship Committee became known officially as the Tank Supply Committee.

The word tank[7] was adopted to keep the nature of the vehicles secret. However, just who coined the term is in dispute. Some claim the term originated with officials working on a senior government interdepartmental committee while others credit the men on the shop floor where the first units were built. According to one story, the original plan was to call them "water carriers" but as that would inevitably be shortened to WC (a British term for a toilet), the name was changed to "tank".

19a Blunt // point (6)

21a Sort of business // college once attached to Doctor No (8)

Poly[5] is short for polytechnic[5], a dated British term* for an institution of higher education offering courses at degree level or below, especially in vocational subjects.

* In Britain the term polytechnic has largely dropped out of use [and thus "college once"]. In 1989 British polytechnics gained autonomy from local education authorities and in 1992 were able to call themselves universities.

"doctor " = MO [medical officer]

A medical officer[5] (abbreviation MO[5]) is a doctor in charge of the health services of a civilian or military authority or other organization.

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Scratching the Surface
Dr. No[7] is the sixth novel in British author Ian Fleming's James Bond series, first published in the UK in 1958. It was the first James Bond feature film of the Eon Productions series, released in 1962 and starring Sean Connery.

23a Basket // supplying unboxed fizz! (6)

Champers[5] is an informal British name for champagne.

26a Small and delicate // female found in river flowing west (5)

The Nile[5] is a river in eastern Africa, [disputably (show more )] the longest river in the world, which rises in east central Africa near Lake Victoria and flows 6,695 km (4,160 miles) generally northwards through Uganda, South Sudan, Sudan, and Egypt to empty through a large delta into the Mediterranean.

There are many factors, such as the source, the identification or the definition of the mouth, and the scale of measurement of the river length between source and mouth, that determine the precise meaning of "river length"[7]. As a result, the length measurements of many rivers are only approximations. In particular, there has long been disagreement as to whether the Nile or the Amazon is the world's longest river. The Nile has traditionally been considered longer, but in recent years some Brazilian and Peruvian studies have suggested that the Amazon is longer by measuring the river plus the adjacent Pará estuary and the longest connecting tidal canal.

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27a Gold in toilet facility /for/ the president of the yacht club! (9)

"gold " = OR [heraldic tincture]

Or[5] is gold or yellow, as a heraldic tincture.

In heraldry, a tincture[5] is any of the conventional colours (including the metals and stains, and often the furs) used in coats of arms.

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28a Direct view /of/ Spooner's indication of dawn? (4,2,5)

Down

1d Studies underpinning rise of tabloid // plots (7)

Rag[5] is an informal term for a newspaper, typically one regarded as being of low quality.

2d Language /of/ Zulu arrested by an investigating officer (5)

"Zulu " = Z [NATO Phonetic Alphabet]

In what is commonly known as the NATO Phonetic Alphabet*[7], Zulu[5] is a code word representing the letter Z.

* officially the International Radiotelephony Spelling Alphabet

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Tec[5] is a dated (seemingly British*) informal term for a detective.

* based on the absence of the term from American dictionaries



The Aztec[5] were the indigenous people dominant in Mexico before the Spanish conquest of the 16th century.

Scratching the Surface
The Zulu[5] are a South African people traditionally living mainly in KwaZulu-Natal province. The Zulus formed a powerful military empire in southern Africa during the 19th century before being defeated in a series of engagements with Afrikaner and British settlers.

3d Shared objectives /may produce/ shock problem (5,4)

A shock[5] is an unkempt or thick mass of hair a man with a shock of ginger hair.

4d State // officers originally provide crew (4)

Oman[5,7], officially the Sultanate of Oman, is an Arab country at the southeastern corner of the Arabian peninsula.

5d Impressive carriage /in/ attendance (8)

6d Arab bitterness about // spiritual leader (5)

7d Financial institution // ruins new queen (7)

"queen " = ER [regnal cipher of Queen Elizabeth]

The regnal ciphers (monograms) of British monarchs are initials formed from the Latin version of their first name followed by either Rex or Regina (Latin for king or queen, respectively). Thus, the regnal cipher of Queen Elizabeth is ER[5] — from the Latin Elizabetha Regina.

* A cipher[5] (also cypher) is a monogram[5] or motif of two or more interwoven letters, typically a person's initials, used to identify a personal possession or as a logo.

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8d Caution /from/ coppers covering game day (8)

Copper is a British[5] or chiefly British[12] (or, perhaps, not so British[3,11]) term for brown coins of low value made of copper or bronze.

Pence[5] is a plural* form of penny[5], a British bronze coin and monetary unit. (show more ).

* Both pence and pennies have existed as plural forms of penny since at least the 16th century. The two forms now tend to be used for different purposes: pence refers to sums of money (five pounds and sixty-nine pence) while pennies refers to the coins themselves (I left two pennies on the table). The use of pence rather than penny as a singular (the chancellor will put one pence on income tax) is not regarded as correct in standard English.

Today, a penny is equal to one hundredth of a pound and is the smallest denomination in Britain's modern decimal currency system introduced in 1971. The abbreviation for the modern penny or pence is p[5].

In the British currency system used prior to 1971, a penny[5] (abbreviation d[5] [for denarius]) was a coin or monetary unit equal to one twelfth of a shilling or 240th of a pound.

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"game " = RU [rugby union]

Rugby union[10] (abbreviation RU[5]) is a form of rugby football played between teams of 15 players (in contrast to rugby league[5], which is played in teams of thirteen).

Rugby union[7] is the national sport in New Zealand, Wales, Fiji, Samoa, Tonga and Madagascar.

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14d This might cut // swan with broken neck if not caught (8)

A female swan is called a pen[5].

"caught " = C [cricket notation]

In cricket, one way for a batsman to be dismissed is to be caught out[5], that is for a player on the opposing team to catch a ball that has been hit by the batsman before it touches the ground.

On cricket scorecards, the abbreviation c[5] or c.[2,10] denotes caught (by).

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A penknife[11] is a small pocketknife, formerly one used for making and sharpening quill pens.

16d A proviso arranged about university // as a layer perhaps (9)

In zoology, the adjective oviparous[5] denotes (of an animal) producing young by means of eggs which are hatched after they have been laid by the parent, as in birds.

17d William is able to // cook in this vessel (5-3)

Billycan[5] [spelled billy-can[1] in The Chambers Dictionary] is another name for a billy, a mainly Australian and New Zealand name for a tin or enamel cooking pot with a lid and a wire handle, for use when camping ⇒ Roger had our fire going and the billy boiling.

Spelling variants: billy-can[1], billycan[2,4,5,10], billy[1,2,4,5,10], billie[1] [Note: In my edition of The Chambers Dictionary, the word "billy-can" is spread across two lines of text so I have to wonder if the word is really hyphenated or if the hyphen merely indicates that the word continues on the next line]

18d Doorstep millions holding / stickers / up (7)

In an unusual construction, the wordplay is split around the definition.

The limpet[5] is a marine mollusc which has a shallow conical shell and a broad muscular foot, found clinging tightly to rocks.

20d Flood /coming from/ fissure under hill (7)

"hill " = TOR

A tor[7] is a large, free-standing rock outcrop that rises abruptly from the surrounding smooth and gentle slopes of a rounded hill summit or ridge crest. In the South West of England, the term is commonly also used for the hills themselves – particularly the high points of Dartmoor in Devon and Bodmin Moor in Cornwall.

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22d Parking on road the wrong way /is/ punishable in law (5)

 "parking " = P [symbol on street signs]


P is a symbol for 'parking' used on street signs.

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Penal[5] is used in the sense of (said of an act or offence) punishable by law ⇒ None shall be held guilty of any penal offence on account of any act or omission which did not constitute a penal offence, under national or international law, at the same time when it was committed.

24d Spike /may be/ mistaken getting power for women (5)

"power " = P [symbol used in physics]

In physics, P[10] is a symbol used to represent power [among other things] in mathematical formulae.

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"women " = W

The abbreviation for women or women's is W[2]. The latter designates a clothing size while the former might be seen on the door to the ladies' room.

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25d Occasionally calm second // rounds (4)

"second " = MO [short period of time]

Mo[5] (abbreviation for moment) is an informal term* for a short period of time ⇒ hang on a mo!.

* Identified by several British dictionaries as being a British[5][14], chiefly British[2][4],  or mainly British[10] term. However, one British[1] and two US dictionaries[11][12] do not specify that it is British. This meaning of the word "mo" is not found in a third US dictionary[3].

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Key to Reference Sources: 

  [1]   - The Chambers Dictionary, 11th Edition
  [2]   - Search Chambers - (Chambers 21st Century Dictionary)
  [3]   - TheFreeDictionary.com (American Heritage Dictionary)
  [4]   - TheFreeDictionarycom (Collins English Dictionary)
  [5]   - Lexico (formerly Oxford Dictionaries Online) (Oxford Dictionary of English)
  [6]   - Lexico (formerly Oxford Dictionaries Online) (Oxford Advanced American Dictionary)
  [7]   - Wikipedia
  [8]   - Reverso Online Dictionary (Collins French-English Dictionary)
  [9]   - Infoplease (Random House Unabridged Dictionary)
[10]   - CollinsDictionary.com (Collins English Dictionary)
[11]   - TheFreeDictionary.com (Random House Kernerman Webster's College Dictionary)
[12]   - CollinsDictionary.com (Webster’s New World College Dictionary)
[13]   - MacmillanDictionary.com (Macmillan Dictionary)
[14]   - CollinsDictionary.com (COBUILD Advanced English Dictionary)
[15]   - CollinsDictionary.com (Penguin Random House LLC/HarperCollins Publishers Ltd )



Signing off for today — Falcon