Monday, September 30, 2019 — DT 29012 (Published Saturday, September 28, 2019)

Puzzle at a Glance

Puzzle Number in The Daily Telegraph DT 29012
Publication Date in The Daily Telegraph Saturday, March 30, 2019
Setter Unknown
Link to Full Review Big Dave's Crossword Blog [DT 29012 – Hints] Big Dave's Crossword Blog [DT 29012 – Review]
Big Dave's Crossword Blog Review Written By Tilsit (Hints) gnomethang (Review)
BD Rating
Difficulty - ★★★	Enjoyment - ★★★
Falcon's Experience ┌────┬────┬────┬────┬────┬────┬────┐ ███████████████████████████████████ └────┴────┴────┴────┴────┴────┴────┘ Legend: █ - solved without assistance █ - incorrect prior to use of puzzle solving tools █ - solved with assistance from puzzle solving tools █ - solved with aid of checking letters provided by puzzle solving tools █ - solved but without fully parsing the clue █ - unsolved or incorrect prior to visiting Big Dave's Crossword Blog █ - solved with aid of checking letters provided by solutions from Big Dave's Crossword Blog █ - reviewed by Falcon for Big Dave's Crossword Blog █ - yet to be solved
Notes
As this was a Saturday "Prize Puzzle" in Britain, there are two entries related to it on Big Dave's Crossword Blog — the first, posted on the date of publication, contains hints for selected clues while the second is a full review issued following the entry deadline for the contest. The vast majority of reader comments will generally be found attached to the "hints" posting with a minimal number — if any — accompanying the full review. This puzzle appears on the Monday Diversions page in the Saturday, September 28, 2019 edition of the National Post.

Introduction

An interesting puzzle which generated some very mixed reactions from those who left comments on Big Dave's Crossword Blog.

I invite you to leave a comment to let us know how you fared with the puzzle.

Notes on Today's Puzzle

This commentary is intended to serve as a supplement to the review of this puzzle found at Big Dave's Crossword Blog, to which a link is provided in the table above.

Click here for an explanation of conventions and symbols used in explaining the parsing of clues.

The purpose of this article is to explain the conventions and symbols that I use on this blog in explaining the parsing of clues.

Legend: The following symbols are used in reviews: "*" anagram "~" sounds like "<" indicates that the preceding letters are reversed "( )" encloses contained letters "_" replaces letters that have been deleted "†" indicates that the word is present in the clue

The review of a clue takes the following general structure:

#a/d   Clue containing parsing markup (num^*)

---

^* num = numeration

Explanations pertaining to the wordplay (or first definition in a double definition)

(Horizontal separator)

---

Explanations pertaining to the definition (or second definition in a double definition) and solution.

Explanatory Box

An explanatory box provides additional information about the clue. In most cases this information will not necessarily help in solving the clue but provides information about the clue. In the case of the weekday syndicated Daily Telegraph puzzles, such information is often intended to help the North American solver appreciate how the clue may be perceived by a British solver. These boxes may also provide information on people, places, films, television program, works of art and literature, etc. mentioned in the clue. Although the titles of these boxes will usually be drawn from a standard list, I do occasionally throw in a title specifically suggested by the subject at hand. The standard titles include: Scratching the Surface - an explanation of the surface reading of the clue Delving Deeper - in-depth information pertaining to a subject mentioned in an explanation The Story Behind the Picture - for weekday puzzles, information about an illustration found on Big Dave's Crossword Blog What did he/she/they say? - for weekday puzzles, an explanation of a remark made in a review or comment on Big Dave's Crossword Blog What are they talking about? - for weekday puzzles, an explanation of a discussion on Big Dave's Crossword Blog One box that may provide information that could prove helpful in solving the clue is the following: Here and There - for weekday puzzles, discusses words whose British meaning differs from their North American meaning

Note that there are many types of cryptic crossword clue and it is not my intention to exhaustively go through all of them here. I will only deal with clue types to the extent necessary to explain the conventions and symbols used on the blog. Furthermore, be aware that, in the world of cryptic crosswords, there seems to be an exception to every rule.

With one exception that I can think of, cryptic crossword clues provide two routes to the solution. These are commonly referred to as the definition and wordplay. While these terms serve well for most clues, there are some cases where the more formal terms of primary indication and subsidiary indication may be more appropriate.

Most cryptic crossword clues consist of a definition (primary indication) and wordplay (subsidiary indication). The definition may be:

• a "precise definition": a definition that is either taken directly from a dictionary or at least phrased in a non-misleading fashion similar to one that would be found in a dictionary
• a "cryptic definition": a definition misleadingly phrased so as to misdirect the solver either with respect to the meaning of the definition as a whole or to an incorrect sense of a word used in the definition (for example, defining topiary as "clip art")
• a "whimsical definition": a definition "invented" by the setter often by extrapolating a non-existent meaning for a word from a similar word (for example, defining a bird as a "winger" [something possessing wings] or a river as a ''flower" [something that flows] or to extrapolate that, since disembowel means 'to remove the innards of ', that discontent must mean 'to remove the contents of')
• a "definition by example": the presence of one of these is often flagged with a question mark (for example, defining atoll as "coral?" where an atoll is but one form that coral may take).

The only type of clue that I can think of where there are not two ways of finding the solution are those in which the entire clue is a cryptic definition.

I identify precise definitions by marking them with a solid underline in the clue and other varieties of definition (such as cryptic definitions, whimsical definitions, definitions by example, etc.) by marking them with a dotted underline.

In clues in which both definition and wordplay are present, the two parts of the clue combine to provide an overall meaningful statement (the surface reading) which usually bears no relationship to the underlying cryptic reading of the clue. In some cases, an extra word or phrase will be inserted into the clue to create a meaningful link between the definition and wordplay. I define clues which contain such a link word or link phrase as having an explicit link and clues which contain no link word or link phrase as having an implicit link.

I mark the existence of an explicit link by enclosing the link word or link phrase between forward slashes (/link/) and mark the existence of an implicit link with double forward slashes (//) positioned between the definition and wordplay.

Examples

A few examples may help to illustrate these points more clearly.

The first example is a clue used by Jay in DT 28573:

• 4d   Fellow left work // a failure (4)

Here the definition is "a failure" which is marked with a solid underline to show that it is a precise definition. The wordplay parses as F (fellow; abbrev.) + L (left; abbrev.) + OP (work; abbrev. used in music) which gives us the solution F|L|OP. The double forward slashes (//) between the definition and wordplay indicate the existence of an "implicit link" between the two parts of the clue (that is, no extra words are inserted into the clue to form the link).

The second example is a clue used by Giovanni in DT 28575:

• 29a   Female going to match // travels with mother in advance (10)

Here the definition "female going to match" is cryptic (the setter is attempting to misdirect our thoughts to a sports event rather than a marriage ceremony) and thus is marked with a a dotted underline. The wordplay is {RIDES (travels) + (with) MA (mother)} contained in (in) BID (advance) giving us the solution B(RIDES|MA)ID. As in the first example, the double forward slashes indicate the presence of an implicit link.

The third example is a clue used by Rufus is DT 28583:

• 18d   Knight caught by misplaced big blow /is/ staggering (8)

Here the definition is "staggering" which is marked with a solid underline to show that it is a precise definition. The wordplay parses as N ([chess symbol for] knight) contained in (caught in) an anagram (misplaced) of BIG BLOW producing the solution WOBBLI(N)G. Finally, forward slashes mark the link word (/is/).

I also use distinctive underlining to mark &lit.^[7] and semi-&lit. clues. Note that the reviewers on Big Dave's Crossword Blog generally prefer to refer to these clue types by the less pretentious names of all-in-one or semi-all-in-one clues respectively.

In an &lit. clue^[7] (or all-in-one clue) the entire clue provides not only the definition (when read one way), but under a different interpretation also serves as the wordplay.

In future, I will mark such clues with a combined solid and dashed underline. Although this is a departure from past practice, it would seem to make more sense than using a dotted underline as I have in the past). Henceforth, the dotted underline will be reserved for cryptic definitions.

In a semi-&lit. clue (or semi-all-in-one clue), either:

• the entire clue acts as the definition while a portion of the clue provides the wordplay; or
• the entire clue acts as the wordplay while a portion of the clue provides the definition.

For these clues, I will mark the definition with a solid underline and the wordplay with a  dashed underline. This means that a portion of the clue may have a solid underline, a portion of the clue may have a dashed underline and a portion of the clue may have a combined solid and dashed underline.

One final clue type is what I characterize as a cryptic definition comprised of a precise definition combined with cryptic elaboration. For example, in DT 28560 (setter unknown) the following clue appears:

•  26d   Heroic exploit, whichever way you look at it (4)

As the entire clue is a cryptic definition, it is marked with a dotted underline. The 'precise definition' is "heroic exploit" and is indicated by a solid underline.

Given the numeration, the precise definition could give rise to at least two solutions, DEED or FEAT. However, the 'cryptic elaboration' ("whichever way you look at it") indicates that the solution is a palindrome thereby immediately eliminating one of the two obvious choices.

Note that the part of the clue that I have called 'cryptic elaboration' does not provide a second independent route to the solution (as the wordplay would do in most other types of clue). Rather it merely provides a piece of additional information (elaboration) related to the 'precise definition'.

Again, this approach is a departure from past practice, but like the other changes mentioned previously is intended to remove inconsistencies in the way that I have been applying parsing markup to clues. The markup rules that I have been using until now evolved bit-by-bit over a long period of time resulting in some degree of internal inconsistency.

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Across

1a	Spreads // river across five docks (8)

The Dee^[5,7] could be any of several rivers in Scotland and England — not to mention Ireland and Australia — the most prominent being:

• a river in northeastern Scotland, which rises in the Grampian Mountains and flows eastwards past Balmoral Castle to the North Sea at Aberdeen
• a river that rises in North Wales and flows past Chester and on into the Irish Sea

5a	Slates laid backwards // give way (4)

Slate^[5] is an informal British term meaning to criticize severely ⇒ his work was slated by the critics.

Scratching the Surface
A slate[5] is a flat plate of slate used as roofing material.

9a	Lists gobbling duck /and/ other fowls (8)

"duck" = O [cricket term] (show explanation )

In cricket, a duck^[5] (short for duck's egg) is a batsman’s score of nought [zero] ⇒ he was out for a duck. This is similar to the North American expression goose egg^[5] meaning a zero score in a game.

In British puzzles, "duck" is used to indicate the letter "O" based on the resemblance of the digit "0" to this letter.

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10a	Missing // parts of muscular body found by hospital dept (6)

"hospital department" = ENT (show explanation )

Should you not have noticed, the ear, nose and throat (ENT^[2]) department is the most visited facility, by far, in the Crosswordland Hospital.

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11a	Having dropped a name, niece is disposed /to be/ celebrity (8)

12a	American music accompanying tango /is/ most crude (6)

Blues^[5] (often the blues) is melancholic music of black American folk origin, typically in a twelve-bar sequence. It developed in the rural southern US towards the end of the 19th century, finding a wider audience in the 1940s, as blacks migrated to the cities. This urban blues gave rise to rhythm and blues and rock and roll.

Tango^[5] is a code word representing the letter T, used in radio communication.

14a	Stake European thrust into sentry /and/ swore (10)

"European" = E (show explanation )

E^[1,2] is the abbreviation for European (as in E number^*).

---

^* An E number^[1,4,10,14] (or E-number^[2,5]) is any of various identification codes required by EU law, consisting of the letter E (for European) followed by a number, that are used to denote food additives such as colourings and preservatives (but excluding flavourings) that have been approved by the European Union.

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18a	The still, small voice // opposed to logical observation? (10)

The phrase still small voice^[5] denotes the voice of one's conscience (with reference to 1 Kings 19:12).

22a	All-round entertainment // mostly about America (6)

This entertainment is 'all-round' because it takes place in a ring or three.

23a	Flier /that shows/ cockney barber's art (8)

Cockneys^[5,10], the natives of that part of East London known as the East End^[5], speak a dialect (also known as cockney) that is characterised by dropping the aitch (H) from the beginning of words as well as the use of rhyming slang (show explanation ).

Rhyming slang^[5] is a type of slang that replaces words with rhyming words or phrases, typically with the rhyming element omitted. For example, butcher’s, short for butcher’s hook, means ‘look’ in cockney rhyming slang.

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24a	Mention collecting or looking back /can be/ stimulating (6)

25a	Novel artily involving the Queen /should be/ well-read (8)

"the Queen" = ER [regnal cipher of Queen Elizabeth] (show more )

The regnal ciphers (monograms) of British monarchs are initials formed from the Latin version of their first name followed by either Rex or Regina (Latin for king or queen, respectively). Thus, the regnal cipher of Queen Elizabeth is ER^[5] — from the Latin Elizabetha Regina.

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26a	Ergo Russian's definitely /getting/ something to drink (4)

"Russian's definitely" = DA (show explanation )

In Cyrillic, the Russian word for yes^[8] is да which transliterates into English^[7] as da.

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27a	Disturbed /and/ elderly, eating junk after lunchtime? (8)

Tat^[5] is an informal British term for tasteless or shoddy clothes, jewellery, or ornaments ⇒ the place was decorated with all manner of gaudy tat.

While lunch in Britain is typically eaten sometime between 12:00 and 1:30 pm, the denizens of Crosswordland seem to have standardized on 1:00 pm.

On Big Dave's Crossword Blog, Tilsit implicates the word "after" twice in his hint for this clue ("follows" and "just after lunch"). The former is correct, the latter is not. The word "after" indicates that 'junk' follows 'lunchtime' (one o'clock) and not that one o'clock is "a time just after lunch".

Down

2d	Olive largely gets stitched up in // fiddle (6)

As an anagram indicator, I presume stitch up^[10] may be used in the slang sense of to prearrange (something) in a clandestine manner. I rejected the idea that it might be used in the sense of to join or mend by means of stitches or sutures as I think that meaning implies measures taken to maintain the original condition — not to create a new configuration.

Scratching the Surface
Stitch up[10] is British slang meaning to incriminate (someone) on a false charge by manufacturing evidence. Fiddle[5] (noun) is an informal British term for an act of defrauding, cheating, or falsifying ⇒ a major mortgage fiddle.

3d	Amounts of water possibly /needed/ in sunlit resort (6)

4d	Light fabric items designed to go over jumpers (10)

Scratching the Surface

Although the surface reading is intended to bring to mind an item of clothing, Brits would think of a much different item of clothing than would North Americans —a sweater rather than a dress (show explanation ). In Britain, a jumper[5] is a knitted garment typically with long sleeves, worn over the upper body (in other words, a sweater). The dress that North Americans call a jumper[5] is known to the Brits as a pinafore[5] — defined as a collarless sleeveless dress worn over a blouse or jumper [sweater]. Thus, if a British lass were to wear a pinafore over her jumper and a North American gal were to wear a jumper over her sweater, they would be dressed identically. hide

6d	Writer with showy jewellery // having little taste (8)

7d	Came first /and/ quietly withdrew (8)

"quietly" = P [music notation] (show reference )

Piano^[3,5] (abbreviation p^[5]), is a musical direction meaning either (as an adjective) soft or quiet or (as an adverb) softly or quietly.

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8d	Praise where bird nests, going to Spain /for/ liberty (8)

The tits, chickadees, and titmice^[7] constitute the Paridae, a large family of small passerine birds which occur in the northern hemisphere and Africa. These birds are called either "chickadees" or "titmice" in North America, and just "tits" in the rest of the English-speaking world.

"Spain" = E [IVR code] (show explanation )

The International Vehicle Registration (IVR) code for Spain is E^*[5].

---

^* from Spanish España

hide

Spanish Licence Plate Format
(The IVR code is on the left below the EU flag emblem)

9d	In speech, Shakespearean character facing north // wind (4)

King Lear^[7] is a tragedy by English playwright William Shakespeare. The title character descends into madness after disposing of his estate between two of his three daughters based on their flattery, bringing tragic consequences for all.

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As the definition, the pronunciation of "wind" changes from that in the surface reading.

13d	Hopelessly aspiring to be seen around court, // working as a lawyer? (10)

"court" = CT (show explanation )

Ct^[2] is the abbreviation for Court in street addresses — and possibly in other contexts as well.

hide explanation

15d	Energy put into shaping of ceramic // dish (3,5)

"energy" = E [symbol used in physics] (show reference )

In physics, E^[5] is a symbol used to represent energy in mathematical formulae ⇒ E = mc².

hide

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The clue that appears in the National Post is the clue that appeared in the print edition of The Daily Telegraph. A modified clue appears on the Telegraph Puzzles website — although, for the life of me, I can't understand why the editor would have changed it as the original clue from the newspaper, in my opinion, is clearly superior.

• Dish, // ceramic, for cooking wraps around East (3,5)

16d	Gross // to come in unshaven or moustached (8)

17d	Busy, as ladies often seem to be ... (8)

The ladies^[5] is a British term for a women’s public toilet.

I considered marking this as a double definition (similar to 20d) but I feel that the two definitions would essentially amount to the same thing (which is not allowed in a double definition). However, I see that I seem to be at odds with Tilsit on that point.

19d	... acute in writing, maybe. /Alternatively, there’s/ one’s expression when talking ... (6)

20d	... blank, // as gents often are! (6)

Here, the two definitions are (in my opinion) sufficiently different to mark this as a double definition.

21d	Visit // source of Scottish river (4)

The Tay^[5] is the longest river in Scotland, flowing 192 km (120 miles) eastwards through Loch Tay, entering the North Sea through the Firth of Tay.

Key to Reference Sources: 

^[1]   - The Chambers Dictionary, 11th Edition
^[2]   - Search Chambers - (Chambers 21st Century Dictionary)
^[3]   - TheFreeDictionary.com (American Heritage Dictionary)
^[4]   - TheFreeDictionary.com (Collins English Dictionary)
^[5]   - Oxford Dictionaries (Oxford Dictionary of English)
^[6]   - Oxford Dictionaries (Oxford Advanced American Dictionary)
^[7]   - Wikipedia
^[8]   - Reverso Online Dictionary (Collins French-English Dictionary)
^[9]   - Infoplease (Random House Unabridged Dictionary)
^[10] - CollinsDictionary.com (Collins English Dictionary)
^[11] - TheFreeDictionary.com (Random House Kernerman Webster's College Dictionary)
^[12] - CollinsDictionary.com (Webster’s New World College Dictionary)
^[13] - MacmillanDictionary.com (Macmillan Dictionary)
^[14] - CollinsDictionary.com (COBUILD Advanced English Dictionary)

Signing off for today — Falcon

Saturday, September 28, 2019 — Canadian Waters

Introduction

Today's puzzle from Cox & Rathvon provides a tour of Canadian waters.

I invite you to leave a comment to let us know how you fared with the puzzle.

Solution to Today's Puzzle

Falcon's Experience ┌────┬────┬────┬────┬────┬────┬────┐ ███████████████████████████████████ └────┴────┴────┴────┴────┴────┴────┘ Legend: █ - solved without assistance █ - incorrect prior to use of puzzle solving tools █ - solved with assistance from puzzle solving tools █ - solved with aid of checking letters provided by puzzle solving tools █ - solved but without fully parsing the clue █ - yet to be solved

Click here for an explanation of conventions and symbols used in explaining the parsing of clues.

The purpose of this article is to explain the conventions and symbols that I use on this blog in explaining the parsing of clues.

Legend: The following symbols are used in reviews: "*" anagram "~" sounds like "<" indicates that the preceding letters are reversed "( )" encloses contained letters "_" replaces letters that have been deleted "†" indicates that the word is present in the clue

The review of a clue takes the following general structure:

#a/d   Clue containing parsing markup (num^*)

---

^* num = numeration

Explanations pertaining to the wordplay (or first definition in a double definition)

(Horizontal separator)

---

Explanations pertaining to the definition (or second definition in a double definition) and solution.

Explanatory Box

An explanatory box provides additional information about the clue. In most cases this information will not necessarily help in solving the clue but provides information about the clue. In the case of the weekday syndicated Daily Telegraph puzzles, such information is often intended to help the North American solver appreciate how the clue may be perceived by a British solver. These boxes may also provide information on people, places, films, television program, works of art and literature, etc. mentioned in the clue. Although the titles of these boxes will usually be drawn from a standard list, I do occasionally throw in a title specifically suggested by the subject at hand. The standard titles include: Scratching the Surface - an explanation of the surface reading of the clue Delving Deeper - in-depth information pertaining to a subject mentioned in an explanation The Story Behind the Picture - for weekday puzzles, information about an illustration found on Big Dave's Crossword Blog What did he/she/they say? - for weekday puzzles, an explanation of a remark made in a review or comment on Big Dave's Crossword Blog What are they talking about? - for weekday puzzles, an explanation of a discussion on Big Dave's Crossword Blog One box that may provide information that could prove helpful in solving the clue is the following: Here and There - for weekday puzzles, discusses words whose British meaning differs from their North American meaning

Note that there are many types of cryptic crossword clue and it is not my intention to exhaustively go through all of them here. I will only deal with clue types to the extent necessary to explain the conventions and symbols used on the blog. Furthermore, be aware that, in the world of cryptic crosswords, there seems to be an exception to every rule.

With one exception that I can think of, cryptic crossword clues provide two routes to the solution. These are commonly referred to as the definition and wordplay. While these terms serve well for most clues, there are some cases where the more formal terms of primary indication and subsidiary indication may be more appropriate.

Most cryptic crossword clues consist of a definition (primary indication) and wordplay (subsidiary indication). The definition may be:

• a "precise definition": a definition that is either taken directly from a dictionary or at least phrased in a non-misleading fashion similar to one that would be found in a dictionary
• a "cryptic definition": a definition misleadingly phrased so as to misdirect the solver either with respect to the meaning of the definition as a whole or to an incorrect sense of a word used in the definition (for example, defining topiary as "clip art")
• a "whimsical definition": a definition "invented" by the setter often by extrapolating a non-existent meaning for a word from a similar word (for example, defining a bird as a "winger" [something possessing wings] or a river as a ''flower" [something that flows] or to extrapolate that, since disembowel means 'to remove the innards of ', that discontent must mean 'to remove the contents of')
• a "definition by example": the presence of one of these is often flagged with a question mark (for example, defining atoll as "coral?" where an atoll is but one form that coral may take).

The only type of clue that I can think of where there are not two ways of finding the solution are those in which the entire clue is a cryptic definition.

I identify precise definitions by marking them with a solid underline in the clue and other varieties of definition (such as cryptic definitions, whimsical definitions, definitions by example, etc.) by marking them with a dotted underline.

In clues in which both definition and wordplay are present, the two parts of the clue combine to provide an overall meaningful statement (the surface reading) which usually bears no relationship to the underlying cryptic reading of the clue. In some cases, an extra word or phrase will be inserted into the clue to create a meaningful link between the definition and wordplay. I define clues which contain such a link word or link phrase as having an explicit link and clues which contain no link word or link phrase as having an implicit link.

I mark the existence of an explicit link by enclosing the link word or link phrase between forward slashes (/link/) and mark the existence of an implicit link with double forward slashes (//) positioned between the definition and wordplay.

Examples

A few examples may help to illustrate these points more clearly.

The first example is a clue used by Jay in DT 28573:

• 4d   Fellow left work // a failure (4)

Here the definition is "a failure" which is marked with a solid underline to show that it is a precise definition. The wordplay parses as F (fellow; abbrev.) + L (left; abbrev.) + OP (work; abbrev. used in music) which gives us the solution F|L|OP. The double forward slashes (//) between the definition and wordplay indicate the existence of an "implicit link" between the two parts of the clue (that is, no extra words are inserted into the clue to form the link).

The second example is a clue used by Giovanni in DT 28575:

• 29a   Female going to match // travels with mother in advance (10)

Here the definition "female going to match" is cryptic (the setter is attempting to misdirect our thoughts to a sports event rather than a marriage ceremony) and thus is marked with a a dotted underline. The wordplay is {RIDES (travels) + (with) MA (mother)} contained in (in) BID (advance) giving us the solution B(RIDES|MA)ID. As in the first example, the double forward slashes indicate the presence of an implicit link.

The third example is a clue used by Rufus is DT 28583:

• 18d   Knight caught by misplaced big blow /is/ staggering (8)

Here the definition is "staggering" which is marked with a solid underline to show that it is a precise definition. The wordplay parses as N ([chess symbol for] knight) contained in (caught in) an anagram (misplaced) of BIG BLOW producing the solution WOBBLI(N)G. Finally, forward slashes mark the link word (/is/).

I also use distinctive underlining to mark &lit.^[7] and semi-&lit. clues. Note that the reviewers on Big Dave's Crossword Blog generally prefer to refer to these clue types by the less pretentious names of all-in-one or semi-all-in-one clues respectively.

In an &lit. clue^[7] (or all-in-one clue) the entire clue provides not only the definition (when read one way), but under a different interpretation also serves as the wordplay.

In future, I will mark such clues with a combined solid and dashed underline. Although this is a departure from past practice, it would seem to make more sense than using a dotted underline as I have in the past). Henceforth, the dotted underline will be reserved for cryptic definitions.

In a semi-&lit. clue (or semi-all-in-one clue), either:

• the entire clue acts as the definition while a portion of the clue provides the wordplay; or
• the entire clue acts as the wordplay while a portion of the clue provides the definition.

For these clues, I will mark the definition with a solid underline and the wordplay with a  dashed underline. This means that a portion of the clue may have a solid underline, a portion of the clue may have a dashed underline and a portion of the clue may have a combined solid and dashed underline.

One final clue type is what I characterize as a cryptic definition comprised of a precise definition combined with cryptic elaboration. For example, in DT 28560 (setter unknown) the following clue appears:

•  26d   Heroic exploit, whichever way you look at it (4)

As the entire clue is a cryptic definition, it is marked with a dotted underline. The 'precise definition' is "heroic exploit" and is indicated by a solid underline.

Given the numeration, the precise definition could give rise to at least two solutions, DEED or FEAT. However, the 'cryptic elaboration' ("whichever way you look at it") indicates that the solution is a palindrome thereby immediately eliminating one of the two obvious choices.

Note that the part of the clue that I have called 'cryptic elaboration' does not provide a second independent route to the solution (as the wordplay would do in most other types of clue). Rather it merely provides a piece of additional information (elaboration) related to the 'precise definition'.

Again, this approach is a departure from past practice, but like the other changes mentioned previously is intended to remove inconsistencies in the way that I have been applying parsing markup to clues. The markup rules that I have been using until now evolved bit-by-bit over a long period of time resulting in some degree of internal inconsistency.

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Across

1a	Dog outside is in the red // water near Vancouver (4,5)

H(OWE S)OUND — HOUND (dog) containing (outside) OWES (in the red)

Howe Sound^[7] is a roughly triangular sound, or more precisely a network of fjords situated immediately northwest of Vancouver, British Columbia.

6a	On a ski slope, bump // big shot (5)

MOGUL — double definition

9a	Athabasca’s centre space /is/ cleaner (5)

B|ROOM — B (Athabasca's centre; middle letter of AthaBasca) + ROOM (space)

Scratching the Surface
Athabasca[7] (also Athabaska) is an anglicized version of the Cree name for Lake Athabasca in Canada, meaning "grass or reeds here and there". Most places named Athabasca are found in Alberta, Canada. In addition to the lake, the name has been given to a river, a waterfall, a mountain, a glacier, a mountain pass, a provincial park and even a feature on the surface of the planet Mars.

10a	Romantic /from/ Saskatchewan getting Conservative disapproval? (9)

S(TORY|BOO)K —SK ([postal abbreviation for] Saskatchewan) containing (getting) {TORY (Conservative) + BOO (disapproval)}

For our American solvers, in Canada (as well as in the UK), a Tory^[5] is a member or supporter of the Conservative Party.

11a	Dash inside renovated techno // club (9)

{T(RUN)CHEON}* — RUN (dash) contained in (inside) anagram of (renovated) TECHNO

Scratching the Surface
Techno[5] is a style of fast, heavy electronic dance music, typically with few or no vocals.

12a	Fasten // first of clamps in building framework strip (5)

LAT(C)H — C (first [letter] of Clamps) contained in (in) LATH (building framework strip)

13a	Act of trimming // hurt CIA badly (7)

HAIRCUT* — anagram of (badly) HURT CIA

15a	Make bet /with/ elderly widow (7)

DO|WAGER — DO (make) + WAGER (bet)

17a	Detective taking glance through // part of a tune (7)

DE(SCAN)T — DET(ective) containing (taking) SCAN (glance through)

19a	Computer language // for Time article about resistance (7)

FOR|T(R)AN — FOR (†) + {T(ime) + AN ([indefinite] article)) containing (about) R(esistance)

20a	After goose egg, change // egg source (5)

O|VARY — VARY (change) following (after) O (goose egg; letter that looks like a zero [goose egg])

22a	Diminishing sequence /of/ noble insulating stuff (9)

COUNT|DOWN — COUNT (noble) + DOWN (insulating stuff)

25a	Weaver/’s/ flower on both sides of road (9)

B(ROAD)LOOM — BLOOM (flower) containing (on both sides of) ROAD (†)

I could find no dictionary that listed the word broadloom as meaning a broad or wide loom. Broadloom^{[1,2,3,4,5,10,11,12]} is carpeting woven on a wide loom to obviate the need for seams.

26a	Latin king pens note: // “Not to worry” (5)

RE(LA)X — REX (Latin [word for] king) containing (pens) LA ([musical] note)

27a	People from the U.S. // (jerks) (5)

YANKS — double definition

Those of you south of the border should not take too much offence (or offense) from this clue. Remember that the setters themselves are American.

28a	Ox in February, while in water by Baffin Island (4,5)

F(OX)E B|AS|IN — OX (†) contained in (in) FEB(ruary) + AS (while) + IN (†)

Foxe Basin^[5] is a shallow oceanic basin north of Hudson Bay, in Nunavut, Canada, located between Baffin Island and the Melville Peninsula.

Down

1d	Practice // reaction to comedy routine (5)

HA|BIT — HA (reaction to comedy) + BIT (routine; a regular element of a performer's act)

2d	Mysteries // with mason’s trough components (9)

W|HOD|UNITS — W(ith) + HOD (mason's trough) + UNITS (components)

3d	Bush /and/ French novelist returned (5)

SUMAC< — reversal of (returned) CAMUS (French novelist Albert Camus^[7])

4d	Newly wet pups // made to rise (7)

UPSWEPT* — anagram of (newly) WET PUPS

5d	Doctor had // succumbed to the waves (7)

DR|OWNED — DR (doctor; abbrev.) + OWNED (had)

6d	Old boat // might sink, encompassing failure (9)

MAY(F)LOWER — {MAY (might) + LOWER (sink)} containing (encompassing) F (failure; failing grade in school)

The Mayflower^[5] is the ship in which the Pilgrim Fathers sailed from England to America.

7d	Grand crowd/’s/ spirit (5)

G|HOST — G(rand) + HOST

8d	Elk an hour off /in/ water on Ontario’s border (4,5)

{LAKE HURON}* — anagram of (off) ELK AN HOUR

Lake Huron^[7] is the second largest of the Great Lakes. It is bordered on the north and east by the Canadian province of Ontario and on the south and west by the US state of Michigan.

13d	U.N. body has transformed // water in the north (6,3)

{HUDSON BAY}* — anagram of (transformed) UN BODY HAS

Hudson Bay^[5] is a large inland sea in north-eastern Canada. It is the largest inland sea in the world and is connected to the North Atlantic Ocean via the Hudson Strait.

14d	Sea monster, // agitated by scar, hid (9)

CHARYBDIS* — anagram of (agitated) BY SCAR HID

In Greek Mythology, Charybdis^[7] is a sea monster who lived under a rock in the Strait of Messina (between Sicily and Italy).

Charybdis was believed to live under a small rock on one side of a narrow channel. Opposite her was Scylla, another sea monster, that lived inside a much larger rock. The sides of the strait were within an arrow-shot of each other, and sailors attempting to avoid one of them would come in reach of the other. To be "between Scylla and Charybdis" therefore means to be presented with two opposite dangers, the task being to find a route that avoids both. In some accounts, Charybdis is simply a large whirlpool instead of a sea monster^*.

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^* Thus giving rise to conflicting definitions depending on the dictionary consulted. For instance, Lexico (formerly Oxford Dictionaries Online) says Charybdis^[5] is merely a whirlpool while Collins English Dictionary defines Charybdis^[10] as a 'ship-devouring monster'.

16d	Green sock patterns including orange // grotesqueries (9)

G|ARG(O)YLES — G(reen) + ARGYLES (sock patterns) containing (including) O(range)

18d	Systematically check // anger (4,3)

TICK OFF — double definition

19d	Cause confusion /in/ head of fat oaf (7)

F|LUMMOX — F (head [initial letter] of Fat) + LUMMOX (oaf)

21d	Nut/’s/ company kept by a registered nurse (5)

A(CO)RN — CO(mpany) contained in (kept by) {A (†) + RN (registered nurse)}

23d	Pound // concealed by bathrobe (5)

_TH|ROB_ — hidden in (concealed by) baTH ROBe

24d	Cancel airing // U.S. president (5)

NIX|ON — NIX (cancel) + ON (airing; being broadcast)

Richard Nixon^[5] (1913–1994) was an American Republican statesman, 37th president of the US 1969–74. His period of office was overshadowed by the Vietnam War. Re-elected in 1972, he became the first president to resign from office, owing to his involvement in the Watergate scandal.

Epilogue

In a comment below, Keith Falkner (in reference to 27a) comments "Equally coarse nouns for Canadians exist, but might be too obscure for use as a clue, e.g. 'hoser'."

In fact C&R have used "hoser" on at least two occasions in a puzzle.

On April 2, 2011, it was clued as;

• 24a   Doughnuts consumed by the female clown (5)

and later that year, on August 13, 2011, as:

• 23d   Horse about with lout (5)

Key to Reference Sources: 

^[1]   - The Chambers Dictionary, 11th Edition
^[2]   - Search Chambers - (Chambers 21st Century Dictionary)
^[3]   - TheFreeDictionary.com (American Heritage Dictionary)
^[4]   - TheFreeDictionary.com (Collins English Dictionary)
^[5]   - Oxford Dictionaries (Oxford Dictionary of English)
^[6]   - Oxford Dictionaries (Oxford Advanced American Dictionary)
^[7]   - Wikipedia
^[8]   - Reverso Online Dictionary (Collins French-English Dictionary)
^[9]   - Infoplease (Random House Unabridged Dictionary)
^[10] - CollinsDictionary.com (Collins English Dictionary)
^[11] - TheFreeDictionary.com (Random House Kernerman Webster's College Dictionary)
^[12] - CollinsDictionary.com (Webster’s New World College Dictionary)
^[13] - MacmillanDictionary.com (Macmillan Dictionary)
^[14] - CollinsDictionary.com (COBUILD Advanced English Dictionary)

Signing off for today — Falcon

Friday, September 27, 2019 — DT 29011

Puzzle at a Glance

Puzzle Number in The Daily Telegraph DT 29011
Publication Date in The Daily Telegraph Friday, March 29, 2019
Setter Giovanni (Don Manley)
Link to Full Review Big Dave's Crossword Blog [DT 29011]
Big Dave's Crossword Blog Review Written By Deep Threat
BD Rating
Difficulty - ★★	Enjoyment - ★★★
Falcon's Experience ┌────┬────┬────┬────┬────┬────┬────┐ ███████████████████████████████████ └────┴────┴────┴────┴────┴────┴────┘ Legend: █ - solved without assistance █ - incorrect prior to use of puzzle solving tools █ - solved with assistance from puzzle solving tools █ - solved with aid of checking letters provided by puzzle solving tools █ - solved but without fully parsing the clue █ - unsolved or incorrect prior to visiting Big Dave's Crossword Blog █ - solved with aid of checking letters provided by solutions from Big Dave's Crossword Blog █ - reviewed by Falcon for Big Dave's Crossword Blog █ - yet to be solved

Introduction

Today we have a gentle puzzle from Giovanni to end the week.

I invite you to leave a comment to let us know how you fared with the puzzle.

Notes on Today's Puzzle

This commentary is intended to serve as a supplement to the review of this puzzle found at Big Dave's Crossword Blog, to which a link is provided in the table above.

Click here for an explanation of conventions and symbols used in explaining the parsing of clues.

The purpose of this article is to explain the conventions and symbols that I use on this blog in explaining the parsing of clues.

Legend: The following symbols are used in reviews: "*" anagram "~" sounds like "<" indicates that the preceding letters are reversed "( )" encloses contained letters "_" replaces letters that have been deleted "†" indicates that the word is present in the clue

The review of a clue takes the following general structure:

#a/d   Clue containing parsing markup (num^*)

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^* num = numeration

Explanations pertaining to the wordplay (or first definition in a double definition)

(Horizontal separator)

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Explanations pertaining to the definition (or second definition in a double definition) and solution.

Explanatory Box

An explanatory box provides additional information about the clue. In most cases this information will not necessarily help in solving the clue but provides information about the clue. In the case of the weekday syndicated Daily Telegraph puzzles, such information is often intended to help the North American solver appreciate how the clue may be perceived by a British solver. These boxes may also provide information on people, places, films, television program, works of art and literature, etc. mentioned in the clue. Although the titles of these boxes will usually be drawn from a standard list, I do occasionally throw in a title specifically suggested by the subject at hand. The standard titles include: Scratching the Surface - an explanation of the surface reading of the clue Delving Deeper - in-depth information pertaining to a subject mentioned in an explanation The Story Behind the Picture - for weekday puzzles, information about an illustration found on Big Dave's Crossword Blog What did he/she/they say? - for weekday puzzles, an explanation of a remark made in a review or comment on Big Dave's Crossword Blog What are they talking about? - for weekday puzzles, an explanation of a discussion on Big Dave's Crossword Blog One box that may provide information that could prove helpful in solving the clue is the following: Here and There - for weekday puzzles, discusses words whose British meaning differs from their North American meaning

Note that there are many types of cryptic crossword clue and it is not my intention to exhaustively go through all of them here. I will only deal with clue types to the extent necessary to explain the conventions and symbols used on the blog. Furthermore, be aware that, in the world of cryptic crosswords, there seems to be an exception to every rule.

With one exception that I can think of, cryptic crossword clues provide two routes to the solution. These are commonly referred to as the definition and wordplay. While these terms serve well for most clues, there are some cases where the more formal terms of primary indication and subsidiary indication may be more appropriate.

Most cryptic crossword clues consist of a definition (primary indication) and wordplay (subsidiary indication). The definition may be:

• a "precise definition": a definition that is either taken directly from a dictionary or at least phrased in a non-misleading fashion similar to one that would be found in a dictionary
• a "cryptic definition": a definition misleadingly phrased so as to misdirect the solver either with respect to the meaning of the definition as a whole or to an incorrect sense of a word used in the definition (for example, defining topiary as "clip art")
• a "whimsical definition": a definition "invented" by the setter often by extrapolating a non-existent meaning for a word from a similar word (for example, defining a bird as a "winger" [something possessing wings] or a river as a ''flower" [something that flows] or to extrapolate that, since disembowel means 'to remove the innards of ', that discontent must mean 'to remove the contents of')
• a "definition by example": the presence of one of these is often flagged with a question mark (for example, defining atoll as "coral?" where an atoll is but one form that coral may take).

The only type of clue that I can think of where there are not two ways of finding the solution are those in which the entire clue is a cryptic definition.

I identify precise definitions by marking them with a solid underline in the clue and other varieties of definition (such as cryptic definitions, whimsical definitions, definitions by example, etc.) by marking them with a dotted underline.

In clues in which both definition and wordplay are present, the two parts of the clue combine to provide an overall meaningful statement (the surface reading) which usually bears no relationship to the underlying cryptic reading of the clue. In some cases, an extra word or phrase will be inserted into the clue to create a meaningful link between the definition and wordplay. I define clues which contain such a link word or link phrase as having an explicit link and clues which contain no link word or link phrase as having an implicit link.

I mark the existence of an explicit link by enclosing the link word or link phrase between forward slashes (/link/) and mark the existence of an implicit link with double forward slashes (//) positioned between the definition and wordplay.

Examples

A few examples may help to illustrate these points more clearly.

The first example is a clue used by Jay in DT 28573:

• 4d   Fellow left work // a failure (4)

Here the definition is "a failure" which is marked with a solid underline to show that it is a precise definition. The wordplay parses as F (fellow; abbrev.) + L (left; abbrev.) + OP (work; abbrev. used in music) which gives us the solution F|L|OP. The double forward slashes (//) between the definition and wordplay indicate the existence of an "implicit link" between the two parts of the clue (that is, no extra words are inserted into the clue to form the link).

The second example is a clue used by Giovanni in DT 28575:

• 29a   Female going to match // travels with mother in advance (10)

Here the definition "female going to match" is cryptic (the setter is attempting to misdirect our thoughts to a sports event rather than a marriage ceremony) and thus is marked with a a dotted underline. The wordplay is {RIDES (travels) + (with) MA (mother)} contained in (in) BID (advance) giving us the solution B(RIDES|MA)ID. As in the first example, the double forward slashes indicate the presence of an implicit link.

The third example is a clue used by Rufus is DT 28583:

• 18d   Knight caught by misplaced big blow /is/ staggering (8)

Here the definition is "staggering" which is marked with a solid underline to show that it is a precise definition. The wordplay parses as N ([chess symbol for] knight) contained in (caught in) an anagram (misplaced) of BIG BLOW producing the solution WOBBLI(N)G. Finally, forward slashes mark the link word (/is/).

I also use distinctive underlining to mark &lit.^[7] and semi-&lit. clues. Note that the reviewers on Big Dave's Crossword Blog generally prefer to refer to these clue types by the less pretentious names of all-in-one or semi-all-in-one clues respectively.

In an &lit. clue^[7] (or all-in-one clue) the entire clue provides not only the definition (when read one way), but under a different interpretation also serves as the wordplay.

In future, I will mark such clues with a combined solid and dashed underline. Although this is a departure from past practice, it would seem to make more sense than using a dotted underline as I have in the past). Henceforth, the dotted underline will be reserved for cryptic definitions.

In a semi-&lit. clue (or semi-all-in-one clue), either:

• the entire clue acts as the definition while a portion of the clue provides the wordplay; or
• the entire clue acts as the wordplay while a portion of the clue provides the definition.

For these clues, I will mark the definition with a solid underline and the wordplay with a  dashed underline. This means that a portion of the clue may have a solid underline, a portion of the clue may have a dashed underline and a portion of the clue may have a combined solid and dashed underline.

One final clue type is what I characterize as a cryptic definition comprised of a precise definition combined with cryptic elaboration. For example, in DT 28560 (setter unknown) the following clue appears:

•  26d   Heroic exploit, whichever way you look at it (4)

As the entire clue is a cryptic definition, it is marked with a dotted underline. The 'precise definition' is "heroic exploit" and is indicated by a solid underline.

Given the numeration, the precise definition could give rise to at least two solutions, DEED or FEAT. However, the 'cryptic elaboration' ("whichever way you look at it") indicates that the solution is a palindrome thereby immediately eliminating one of the two obvious choices.

Note that the part of the clue that I have called 'cryptic elaboration' does not provide a second independent route to the solution (as the wordplay would do in most other types of clue). Rather it merely provides a piece of additional information (elaboration) related to the 'precise definition'.

Again, this approach is a departure from past practice, but like the other changes mentioned previously is intended to remove inconsistencies in the way that I have been applying parsing markup to clues. The markup rules that I have been using until now evolved bit-by-bit over a long period of time resulting in some degree of internal inconsistency.

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Across

1a	Activists /making/ gain excitedly embraced by people in tents (11)

7a	Concise // treaty (7)

8a	Changed, /being/ dull, given a time inside (7)

10a	Flow of water // unfortunate, river infiltrating club (8)

11a	Little dogs outside home? // They may be very pretty (3-3)

13a	One who entertains // a lot of people (4)

14a	I half-read a little, sadly // lacking education? (10)

16a	Agent has a share /in/ process of putting things right again (10)

18a	Second letter to the Corinthians (4)

A Corinthian^[5] is a native of Corinth^[5], a city on the northern coast of the Peloponnese, in Greece. The modern city, built in 1858, is slightly north-east of the site of an ancient city of the same name that was a prominent city state in ancient Greece.

 Beta^[5] is the second letter of the Greek alphabet (Β, β).

Scratching the Surface

Corinth[10] was a region of ancient Greece, occupying most of the Isthmus of Corinth and part of the northeastern Peloponnese. Ancient Corinth was an early center of Christianity[7]. St. Paul, who visited and preached at Corinth on several occasions, wrote two letters (and likely more that have been lost) to the church there which form part of the New Testament. Corinthians[10] is the short name for either of two books of the New Testament (in full The First and Second Epistles of Paul the Apostle to the Corinthians).

21a	Offer // to look after Her Majesty (6)

"Her Majesty" = ER [regnal cipher of Queen Elizabeth] (show more )

The regnal ciphers (monograms) of British monarchs are initials formed from the Latin version of their first name followed by either Rex or Regina (Latin for king or queen, respectively). Thus, the regnal cipher of Queen Elizabeth is ER^[5] — from the Latin Elizabetha Regina.

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22a	Mushroom -- // I will have it dunked in milky drink! (8)

The shiitake^[5] (also shitake, shiitake mushroom) is an edible mushroom which grows on fallen timber, cultivated in Japan and China.

24a	Fault admitted by the German // fellow lacking direction (7)

"the German" = DER (show explanation )

In German, der^[8] is one of the several forms that the definite article may assume.

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25a	Usefulness /or/ uselessness with leader absent? (7)

26a	Big bird /in/ Donegal flying with glee (6,5)

Scratching the Surface
Donegal[5] is a county in the extreme north-west of the Republic of Ireland, part of the old province of Ulster.

Down

1d	Copper not entirely cross with you and me -- // a fluffy wet type? (7)

"copper" = CU (show explanation )

The symbol for the chemical element copper is Cu^[5] (from late Latin cuprum).

hide explanation

A mule^[5] is the offspring of [or cross between] a donkey and a horse (strictly, a male donkey and a female horse), typically sterile and used as a beast of burden.

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You be the judge
On Big Dave's Crossword Blog, Angellov writes at Comment #6 I would question ‘wet’ being a feature of 1d, to which Stephen Lord adds at Comment #8 I’ve always associated 1d with fluffy and dry. Cumulus[12] is a type of bright, billowy cloud with a dark, flat base, that develops vertically through all cloud levels and consists mostly of water droplets.

2d	Characters inside home agreed /to be/ miserly (6)

3d	Like some lorries lacking rear piece, // say (10)

Lorry^[5] is the common name in the UK^* for the vehicle known in North America as a truck^[5].

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^* The word truck would also seem to be well known to the Brits. In fact, Oxford Dictionaries Online rather circularly defines a lorry^[5] as being a truck and a truck^[5] as being a lorry.

Articulated^[5] means having two or more sections connected by a flexible joint ⇒ (i) an articulated lorry [truck]; (ii) the trilobite's thorax has a number of articulated segments.

4d	Lark, // partridge, pheasant ...? (4)

Lark^[5] is an informal British term for an activity regarded as foolish or a waste of time ⇒ he's serious about this music lark.

Game^[10] is used in the sense of an activity undertaken in a spirit of levity; in other words a joke ⇒ marriage is just a game to him.

Double or Triple

In his review at Big Dave's Crossword Blog, Deep Threat identifies this clue as a triple definition. I have chosen to call it a double definition — the reason being that "partridge" and "pheasant" are both defining the same thing, a game bird. My understanding is that, in a multiple definition, each definition must define the solution in a different sense. Therefore, I see "partridge, pheasant, ..." (the ellipsis being equivalent to etc.) as defining game (birds).

5d	Needed // hospital facility, wasn't well (8)

"hospital facility" = ENT (show explanation )

Should you not have noticed, the ear, nose and throat (ENT^[2]) department is the most visited facility, by far, in the Crosswordland Hospital.

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6d	End of week with tot being given a // fruit (7)

Satsuma^[5] is a tangerine of a hardy loose-skinned variety, originally grown in Japan.

7d	A politician in church preached, /becoming/ oily (11)

"politician" = MP (show explanation )

In Britain (as in Canada), a politician elected to the House of Commons is known as a Member of Parliament^[10] (abbreviation MP^[5]) or, informally, as a member^[5].

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Explanation of "ARVE Error"

Those who visit Big Dave's Crossword Blog will see an "ARVE Error" message in place of the video that Deep Threat presumably included in his review. (show explanation ) ARVE (Advanced Responsive Video Embedder) is a plugin for the WordPress content management system — the platform on which Big Dave's Crossword Blog operates. I would guess that parameter values that were valid at the time that Deep Threat's review was written in March 2019 are no longer supported, thus causing the error message to be displayed. hide

9d	Leader's type to writhe // in anguish (11)

12d	Very good having miss to entertain you /in/ ship's compartment (5,5)

Pi^[5] is an informal British short form for pious.

Pilot house^[5] is another term for wheelhouse^[5], a part of a boat or ship serving as a shelter for the person at the wheel.

15d	Eastern // relation going potty (8)

17d	Out of breath // decorating? Not I! (7)

19d	Look at // dictator submerged in river (7)

Idi Amin Dada^[7] (c. 1925–2003) was the third President of Uganda, ruling from 1971 to 1979. As commander of the Ugandan Army, he led a military coup in January 1971 that deposed Milton Obote. (show more )

In 1977, when Britain broke diplomatic relations with Uganda, Amin declared he had defeated the British and added "CBE", for "Conqueror of the British Empire", to his title.

Amin's rule was characterized by human rights abuses, political repression, ethnic persecution, extrajudicial killings, nepotism, corruption, and gross economic mismanagement. The number of people killed as a result of his regime is estimated by international observers and human rights groups to range from 100,000 to 500,000.

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The River Exe^[7] rises on Exmoor in Somerset, 8.4 kilometres (5 mi) from the Bristol Channel coast, but flows more or less directly due south, so that most of its length lies in Devon. It reaches the sea at a substantial ria, the Exe Estuary, on the south (English Channel) coast of Devon.

20d	Greeting given to ruler // on a walk (6)

23d	What's served up in their breakfast? // Cheese (4)

Brie^[5] is a kind of soft, mild, creamy cheese with a firm white skin.

Key to Reference Sources: 

^[1]   - The Chambers Dictionary, 11th Edition
^[2]   - Search Chambers - (Chambers 21st Century Dictionary)
^[3]   - TheFreeDictionary.com (American Heritage Dictionary)
^[4]   - TheFreeDictionary.com (Collins English Dictionary)
^[5]   - Oxford Dictionaries (Oxford Dictionary of English)
^[6]   - Oxford Dictionaries (Oxford Advanced American Dictionary)
^[7]   - Wikipedia
^[8]   - Reverso Online Dictionary (Collins French-English Dictionary)
^[9]   - Infoplease (Random House Unabridged Dictionary)
^[10] - CollinsDictionary.com (Collins English Dictionary)
^[11] - TheFreeDictionary.com (Random House Kernerman Webster's College Dictionary)
^[12] - CollinsDictionary.com (Webster’s New World College Dictionary)
^[13] - MacmillanDictionary.com (Macmillan Dictionary)
^[14] - CollinsDictionary.com (COBUILD Advanced English Dictionary)

Signing off for today — Falcon